Question & Answer

Why is the heat transfer factor in arc-welding processes that utilize consumable electrodes greater than in those that use nonconsumable electrodes?

What is the difference between the Codification and theCodification Research System?

Kalin Corporation had 2014 net income of $1,000,000. During 2014, Kalin paid a dividend of $2 per share on 100,000 shares of preferred stock. During 2014, Kalin had outstanding 250,000 shares of common stock. Compute Kalin’s 2014 earnings per share.

Cliff’s basis in his Aero Partnership interest is $11,000. Cliff receives a distribution of $22,000 cash from Aero in complete liquidation of his interest. Aero is an equal partnership with the following balance sheet: Assets: Tax Basis FMV Cash $ 22,000 $ 22,000 Investment 8,800 8,800 Land 2,200 35,200    Totals $ 33,000 $ 66,000 Liabilities and capital: Capital- Chris 11,000 - Cliff 11,000 - Cooper 11,000   Totals $ 33,000 a. What are the amount and character of Cliff’s recognized gain or loss? What is the effect on the partnership assets? b. If Aero has a §754 election in place, what is the amount of the special basis adjustment?

Hiatt Toothpaste Company initiates a defined benefit pension plan for its 50 employees on January 1, 2014. The insurance company which administers the pension plan provided the following selected information for the years 2014, 2015, and 2016. For Year Ended December 31, 2014 2015 2016 Plan assets (fair value) $50,000 $ 85,000 $180,000 Accumulated benefi t obligation 45,000 165,000 292,000 Projected benefi t obligation 60,000 200,000 324,000 Net (gain) loss (for purposes of corridor calculation) –0– 78,400 86,121 Employer’s funding contribution (made at end of year) 50,000 60,000 105,000 There were no balances as of January 1, 2014, when the plan was initiated. The actual and expected return on plan assets was 10% over the 3-year period, but the settlement rate used to discount the company’s pension obligation was 13% in 2014, 11% in 2015, and 8% in 2016. The service cost component of net periodic pension expense amounted to the following: 2014, $60,000; 2015, $85,000; and 2016, $119,000. The average remaining service life per employee is 12 years. No benefits were paid in 2014, $30,000 of benefits were paid in 2015, and $18,500 of benefits were paid in 2016 (all benefits paid at end of year). Instructions (Round to the nearest dollar.) (a) Calculate the amount of net periodic pension expense that the company would recognize in 2014, 2015, and 2016. (b) Prepare the journal entries to record net periodic pension expense, employer’s funding contribution, and related pension amounts for the years 2014, 2015, and 2016.

An orthogonal cutting operation is performed using a rake angle of 15°, chip thickness before the cut = 0.012 in and width of cut = 0.100 in. The chip thickness ratio is measured after the cut to be 0.55. Determine (a) the chip thickness after the cut, (b) shear angle, (c) friction angle, (d) coefficient of friction, and (e) shear strain.

If a corporation has been an S corporation since inception, describe how its operating distributions to its shareholders are taxed to the shareholders.

Explain why Congress allows self-employed taxpayers to deduct the employer portion of their self-employment tax.

Amy Monroe wants to create a fund today that will enable her to withdraw $25,000 per year for 8 years, with the first withdrawal to take place 5 years from today. If the fund earns 8% interest, how much must Amy invest today?

Presented below is information related to Ivan Calderon Corp. for the year 2014. Net sales $1,300,000 Write-off of inventory due to obsolescence $ 80,000 Cost of goods sold 780,000 Depreciation expense omitted by accident in 2013 55,000 Selling expenses 65,000 Casualty loss (extraordinary item) before taxes 50,000 Administrative expenses 48,000 Cash dividends declared 45,000 Dividend revenue 20,000 Retained earnings at December 31, 2013 980,000 Interest revenue 7,000 Effective tax rate of 34% on all items Instructions (a) Prepare a multiple-step income statement for 2014. Assume that 60,000 shares of common stock are outstanding. (b) Prepare a separate retained earnings statement for 2014.

Identify some of the sources for tax professional standards.  What are the potential ramifications of failing to comply with these standards?

The petty cash fund of Fonzarelli’s Auto Repair Service, a sole proprietorship, contains the following. The general ledger account Petty Cash has a balance of $300. 1. Coins and currency $ 15.20 2. Postage stamps 2.90 3. An I.O.U. from Richie Cunningham, an employee, for cash advance 40.00 4. Check payable to Fonzarelli’s Auto Repair from Pottsie Weber, an employee, marked NSF 34.00 5. Vouchers for the following: Stamps $ 20.00 Two Rose Bowl tickets for Nick Fonzarelli 170.00 Printer cartridge 14.35 204.35 $296.45 Instructions Prepare the journal entry to record the reimbursement of the petty cash fund.

Why can’t large, publicly traded corporations be treated as S corporations?

Do the IASB and FASB conceptual frameworks differ in terms of the role of financial reporting? Explain.

How would you evaluate (a) the external effects of building a reservoir in an area of outstanding natural beauty; (b) the external effects of acid rain pollution from a power station?

The surface finish specification in a turning job is 0.8 µm. The work material is cast iron. Cutting speed = 75 m/min, feed = 0.3 mm/rev, and depth of cut = 4.0 mm. The nose radius of the cutting tool must be selected. Determine the minimum nose radius that will obtain the specified finish in this operation.

It is desired to compare the cycle times required to grind a particular workpiece using traditional surface grinding and using creep feed grinding. The workpiece is 200 mm long, 30 mm wide, and 75 mm thick. To make a fair comparison, the grinding wheel in both cases is 250 mm in diameter, 35 mm in width, and rotates at 1500 rev/min. It is desired to remove 25 mm of material from the surface. When traditional grinding is used, the infeed is set at 0.025 mm, and the wheel traverses twice (forward and back) across the work surface during each pass before resetting the infeed. There is no crossfeed since the wheel width is greater than the work width. Each pass is made at a workspeed of 12 m/min, but the wheel overshoots the part on both sides. With acceleration and deceleration, the wheel is engaged in the work for 50% of the time on each pass. When creep feed grinding is used, the depth is increased by 1000 and the forward feed is decreased by 1000. How long will it take to complete the grinding operation (a) with traditional grinding and (b) with creep feed grinding?

Why is the shielded metal arc-welding (SMAW) process difficult to automate?

Using the facts from the previous problem, how would your answer change if Isabel’s after-tax rate of return were 8 percent?

A steel collar is to be heated from room temperature (70°F) to 700°F. Its inside diameter = 1.000 in, and its outside diameter = 1.625 in. If the coefficient of thermal expansion of the steel is = 6.7 x 10-6 in/in per °F, determine the increase in the inside diameter of the collar.

Presented below are selected transactions on the books of Simonson Corporation. May 1, 2014 Bonds payable with a par value of $900,000, which are dated January 1, 2014, are sold at 106 plus accrued interest. They are coupon bonds, bear interest at 12% (payable annually at January 1), and mature January 1, 2024. (Use interest expense account for accrued interest.) Dec. 31 Adjusting entries are made to record the accrued interest on the bonds, and the amortization of the proper amount of premium. (Use straight-line amortization.) Jan. 1, 2015 Interest on the bonds is paid. April 1 Bonds with par value of $360,000 are called at 102 plus accrued interest, and redeemed. (Bond premium is to be amortized only at the end of each year.) Dec. 31 Adjusting entries are made to record the accrued interest on the bonds, and the proper amount of premium amortized.

Agazzi Repair Shop had the following transactions during the first month of business as a proprietorship. Journalize the transactions. (Omit explanations.) Aug. 2 Invested $12,000 cash and $2,500 of equipment in the business. 7 Purchased supplies on account for $500. (Debit asset account.) 12 Performed services for clients, for which $1,300 was collected in cash and $670 was billed to the clients. 15 Paid August rent $600. 19 Counted supplies and determined that only $270 of the supplies purchased on August 7 are still on hand.

Suppose in Example 30.3 in the text that the fuel used in the welding operation is MAPP instead of acetylene, and the proportion of heat concentrated in the 9 mm circle is 60% instead of 75 %. Compute (a) rate of heat liberated during combustion, (b) rate of heat transferred to the work surface, and (c) average power density in the circular area.

Suppose in Problem 16.5 that the average particle diameter = 0.002 in; however, the sizes vary, forming a statistical distribution as follows: 25% of the particles by weight are 0.001 in, 50% are 0.002 in, and 25% are 0.003 in. Given this distribution, what is the total surface area of all the particles in the pile?

In year 0, Longworth Partnership purchased a machine for $40,000 to use in its business. In year 3, Longworth sold the machine for $35,000. Between the date of the purchase and the date of the sale, Longworth depreciated the machine by $22,000.  a. What are the amount and character of the gain or loss Longworth will recognize on the sale?  b. What are the amount and character of the gain or loss Longworth will recognize on the sale if the sale proceeds are increased to $45,000?  c. What are the amount and character of the gain or loss Longworth will recognize on the sale if the sale proceeds are decreased to $15,000?